LINK BETWEEN CLIMATE CHANGE AND EMERGING VIRUSES: IMPLICATIONS FOR GLOBAL HEALTH

Abstract

Climate change is significantly modifying ecosystems, increasing the emergence of zoonotic viruses and spreading infectious diseases globally. This phenomenon alters climate patterns and facilitates the movement of species, which increases interactions between humans and wildlife, increasing the risk of pathogen transmission. Viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, Zika and West Nile virus have shown how environmental changes can trigger pandemics. The loss of biodiversity and the geographical expansion of vectors, such as mosquitoes and ticks, are key factors in the transmission of emerging diseases. The article highlights the need for an integrated "One Health" approach, which considers the interrelationship between human, animal and environmental health. In addition, it highlights the challenges that health systems face, such as epidemiological surveillance and response to new diseases. Future projections indicate an increase in the frequency of pandemics if drastic measures are not taken to mitigate climate change. Coordinated action is required at the international level to develop prevention strategies and strengthen the response capacity of health systems, thus guaranteeing better preparation for future viral emergencies.